Why jumping from a great height can be
good for you
Adrenaline sports are big. And from
tomorrow, the Travel Channel begins a week devoted to the art of living on the
edge. Jeremy Atiyah finds out what makes us want to leap into the abyss
The craze for so-called
"adrenaline" sports continues unabated. Flying from the tops of
cliffs with elastic bands tied round the ankles? Bouncing down valleys inside
giant rubber balls, running face-first down the sides of skyscrapers, skiing
down vertical sheets of black ice? Parents may be alarmed to learn that these
are but a few of the reasons that compel their children to travel.
But if you don't understand why anyone
would want to go ride upside down in a roller-coaster, let alone bungee-jump,
there are scientific reasons for it that go beyond a desire to stick two
fingers up at nanny.
"The process of successfully
conquering our terrors is accompanied by numerous chemical processes in the
body," explains Dr Jamieson Walker, a pharmacologist at Edinburgh University .
"The rush you get from surviving, say, a bungee-jump will dramatically
change your mood. It will also make you temporarily immune to pain. Substances
released into the bloodstream will include not only adrenaline but also 5HT,
(the subtance which Prozac stimulates in the body), as well as morphine-like
substances."
In other words the effect can resemble
taking a double shot of cocaine and morphine all at once.
Never mind mood changes, activities
such as bungee-jumping create a severe shock to the physical system that should
not be ignored if you are worried about your fitness. Heart beats soar to at
least 160 per minute, blood vessels in the eyes burst, while bruising and
possibly bleeding can occur inside the ankle joint. If you worry about these
trivial details, you will never think about jumping, which is one reason why
few people are ever injured doing it.
A spokesman for the UK Bungee Club in London
told me that the only kind of injury she has ever encountered is the so-called
bungee-burn, when terrified participants grab hold of the elastic on the way
down. "The only kind of medical authorisation we require is for people
over 50," she said. "The oldest customer we have had was about 80
years old. The oldest in the world was 98."
The cable television station, the
Travel Channel, will be running a special "adrenaline week" of
programmes this week to promote the idea of adrenaline breaks. One of the
presenters is Domenika Peczynski, an adrenaline-sports- junky who has tried
everything from parachuting to rap-jumping (walking face-first down the sides
of sky-scrapers). "Most of the activities are not really dangerous, they
just seem that way," she told me. "The reality is that they are a
safe way of defusing our self-destructive urges. Going white-water rafting
stops me from doing the really dangerous things like drinking too much or
getting into bad relationships with men."
Were there any activities at which
Domenika drew the line? "Yes, river- boogying," she answered immediately.
River-boogying?
"It's a Scandinavian sport that
involves shooting rapids on a tiny surfboard. I was doing it in a freezing
river where I lost my board and got smashed against a big rock. In any of the
watersports, including canoeing and white-water rafting, there is an element of
danger. You really have to have proper gear and supervision to do those
things."
Domenika was none too keen on
"zorbing" either. Zorbing is the latest craze to have emerged from New
Zealand , a bizarre sport where the
participant is zipped and cushioned inside a giant plastic bouncy ball. The
ball can roll down mountains, even perhaps fall off cliffs, only to bounce away
harmlessly with the person still zipped up inside.
"The snag with zorbing is that you
can't see properly and you feel sick," confessed Domenika. "It's just
sky, grass, sky, grass as you roll over and over. Then you suddenly roll off a
cliff."
Many of these dangerous sports seem to
originate in New Zealand and suggested reasons for this tend to centre on the frustration
that can develop from living in an out-of-the-way country in the south Pacific,
surrounded by millions and millions of sheep.
Insurance? General holiday policies do
not cover any of these sports, though if you book the activities as part of a
package the price may well include an insurance premium anyway. Columbus Travel
Insurance offers policies with "action adventure" loading and that
specifically includes 14 named sports. Two sports that Columbus does not cover
at all are mountaineering and pot-holing.
According to Julie Philpotts, of
Columbus, there has been no sudden upsurge in injury claims arising from
dangerous sports. "As far as I am aware," she says, "the vast
majority of holiday injury claims are still related to skiing."
This is hardly surprising, given the
growing popularity of "black" runs featuring steep narrow chutes and
lots of blind corners. "Black Double Diamond runs in America are the
scariest," says ski writer Stephen Roe, "but people love them because
they like being scared. The most common cause of accident though is having a
heavy person crash into you, and that can happen just about anywhere."
Your parents may not like them, but few
of these activities are more dangerous than everyday life, provided that they
are done in controlled situations. To keep things in proportion, it should be
pointed out that golf is statistically more dangerous than climbing or
canoeing, while most dangerous of all is going for a walk.
Bungee jumping: The UK Bungee Club
(tel: 0171 720 9496) offers jumps in London for pounds 35, plus pounds 15
membership and insurance for the first jump. Catapulting, which is basically
bungee jumping in reverse, is pounds 25 plus pounds 15 for the first jump.
Hot Air Ballooning: Hayes and Jarvis
(tel: 0181 748 5050) offers hot air balloon trips in Egypt as part of package
holidays. The Adventure Balloon Company (tel: 01252 844222) offers single
balloon flights across the UK.
White-water rafting: Adrift (tel: 0181
874 4969) offer rivers in Turkey, Mexico, Ethiopia, New Zealand, Nepal and West
Africa.
Rap Jumping: Not known outside New
Zealand. Call Absolute Adrenaline Adventures (tel: 00 64 9 3584874).
Zorbing: Again, only known in New
Zealand. Call Andrew Ackers (tel: 00 64 25 850628).
General Activity Holidays in UK: Adventure
Sports (Tel: 01209 218962): Multi-activity holidays in Cornwall. Cinnamon
Adventure (tel: 01932 842221): Short breaks. Acorn (tel: 01432 830083): Over
150 activities throughout the UK.
ADVENTURE HOTSPOTS
Victoria Falls: Zimbabwe/Zambia, the
adventure capital of the world. The world's most impressive waterfall is a
natural backdrop to a staggering array of activities from rafting, microliting,
kayaking, bungee-jumping and safaris.
Queenstown, New Zealand: Rafting,
bungee-jumping and canoeing. White- knuckle adventure really started here.
Kathmandu, Nepal: The Himalayan capital
is a walker's paradise, with rafting in the Chitwan National Park.
Cusco, Peru: Staging post for the Inca
Trail, the Sacred Valley, the Urumbamba River.
Cape Town, South Africa: Superb
coastline, with opportunities for canyoning and abseiling down Table Mountain.
Chamonix, France: One of the best
French adventure centres, with winter and summer skiing, hiking, biking,
rafting and canoeing.
Cairns, Australia: A gateway city for bungee
and all watersports, as well as the Barrier Reef, superb for scuba divers.
Bryce Canyon, Arizona: Incredible
scenery, superb walking and rafting.
Alaska: Glaciers, forests, lakes,
rivers, a true wilderness.
Vancouver, Canada: Gateway to a smaller
Bryce Canyon.
Courtesy of the Travel Channel.
WHITE-WATER RAFTING
The Zambezi, Zimbabwe: In low water
(September until December) nothing will touch the carnage this mighty river can
provide. Grade V wild water at its wildest.
Karnali River: Nepal's mightiest river.
Very remote and very exciting.
Coruh River: Amid the breathtaking
scenery of the Turkish Kackar mountains these rapids are incredible: early
spring sees a three-day white-knuckle roller-coaster of a ride.
Karamea River: Tough rafting New
Zealand-style on the South Island amid rugged mountains through to the Tasman
Sea.
Upper and Lower Emo, Ethiopia:
Thundering white water among stunning blue peaks, deep canyons and game.
Compiled by The Travel Channel and
Exodus Travel.
FIVE SERIOUS SKI RUNS
Triftji: One of the most fearsome black
runs in the Alps , down under the
Hohtalli-Rote Nase section of Zermatt .
Serious snow required and often only skiable after mid-January.
Mont-Fort, Verbier: A black run for
lovers of moguls only. Not to be considered by the faint-hearted.
Swiss Wall-Les Portes du Soleil: The
Swiss Wall is a notorious black run, made terrifying by the fact that you can
never see what's ahead. A sign warns that this is a run for experts only.
Envers du Plan: A heart-thumping
alternative route through the Vallee Blanche in the Alps .
Awesome scenery and challenging skiing for experts only.
Compiled by Gill Williams, Editor of
'Ski-Survey', and The Travel Channel.
BEST ROLLER-COASTERS
Rutschebahnen: The world's oldest
working roller-coaster is Copenhagen 's
in the Tivoli Gardens ,
which has delighted fans since it opened in 1914.
Pepsi Max - The Big One: Europe 's
steepest ride in Blackpool 's Pleasure Beach .
It boasts a 200ft drop and has a top speed of 80mph per hour.
The Desperado: The star attraction at
Buffalo Bill's Casino in Jean , Nevada , USA .
It is the world's steepest ride with a 67 degree drop.
The High Roller: Circling the top of
the Stratosphere Tower Casino in Las
Vegas , it is the highest ride in the world.
It loops the loop at a teeth-gritting height of 1,150ft.
Dragon Khan: Spain 's
Port Aventura has this ride with more loops than any. It whisks you upside down
a stomach-churning eight times.
Courtesy of the Travel Channel.
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